Ingenpedia:OnThisDay/January 23, 2021

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 * 1556 – deadliest earthquake in history killed about 830,000 people in Shaanxi Province, China.
 * 1570 – James Hamilton killed James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, in the first recorded assassination of a head of government using a firearm.
 * 1789 – Bishop John Carroll purchased a plot of land that would be the home of the future Georgetown University, the oldest Catholic university in the United States.
 * 1793 – The Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia partitioned the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth for the second time.
 * 1849 – Elizabeth Blackwell received her M.D. from Geneva Medical College in New York, making her the first female physician in the United States and the first openly identified woman to graduate from medical school.
 * 1870 – American Indian Wars: The United States Army massacred a friendly band of Piegan Blackfeet in the Montana Territory, resulting in about 200 deaths.
 * 1909 – Two men committed an armed robbery in Tottenham, London, and led police on a two-hour tram chase (illustration shown), ending in the perpetrators' suicides.
 * 1942 – World War II: Japan began its invasion of the island of New Britain in the Australian Territory of New Guinea.
 * 1957 – American inventor Fred Morrison sold the rights to his "flying disc" to the Wham-O toy company, who later renamed it the "Frisbee".
 * 1968 – USS Pueblo was seized by North Korean forces, who claimed that it had violated their territorial waters while spying.
 * 1993 – The first version of Mosaic, created by Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina, was released, becoming the first popular web browser and Gopher client.
 * 1997 – Madeleine Albright was sworn in as the first female United States Secretary of State, becoming the highest-ranking woman in the history of the U.S. government at that time.
 * 2002 – American journalist Daniel Pearl was kidnapped and later murdered by al-Qaeda agents.
 * Born/died this day: | Mary Ward |b|1585| Johann Wilhelm Ritter |d|1810| Muthu Coomaraswamy |b|1834| Guida Maria |b|1950| Louisa Cadamuro |b|1987

January 23


 * 1264 – King Louis IX of France issued the Mise of Amiens, a settlement between King Henry III of England and barons led by Simon de Montfort heavily favouring the former, which later led to the Second Barons' War.
 * 1915 – Rebels led by John Chilembwe (pictured) attacked local plantation owners, beginning an uprising regarded as a key moment in the history of Malawi.
 * 1967 – The English new town of Milton Keynes was formed in Buckinghamshire, incorporating three towns and fifteen villages as well as planned new developments on intervening farmland.
 * 2001 – Five people attempted to set themselves on fire in Tiananmen Square, Beijing, an act that many later claimed to have been staged by the Chinese Communist Party to frame Falun Gong and thus escalate their persecution.