Ingenpedia:OnThisDay/January 26, 2021

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 * 1564 – Livonian War: A Lithuanian surprise attack resulted in a decisive defeat of numerically superior Russian forces.
 * 1700 – The Cascadia earthquake, with an estimated magnitude of 9.0, took place off the Pacific coast of the American Northwest, as evidenced by Japanese records of tsunamis.
 * 1788 – Captain Arthur Phillip and the British First Fleet landed at Sydney Cove on the shore of Port Jackson in present-day Sydney, establishing the first permanent European settlement in Australia.
 * 1841 – Commodore Gordon Bremer took formal possession of Hong Kong Island for the United Kingdom at Possession Point.
 * 1905 – The Cullinan Diamond, the largest gem-quality rough diamond ever found at 3107 carat, was discovered at the Premier Mine in Cullinan, Gauteng, South Africa.
 * 1945 – Audie Murphy engaged in action at the Colmar Pocket that won him a Medal of Honor and made him one of the most famous and decorated U.S. soldiers of World War II.
 * 1949 – The Hale Telescope at Palomar Observatory in California, the largest aperture optical telescope in the world for 28 years, saw first light.
 * 1952 – Spontaneous anti-British riots erupted in Cairo following the killings of 50 Egyptian auxiliary police the day before.
 * 1966 – The three Beaumont children disappeared from a beach in Glenelg, South Australia, resulting in one of the country's largest-ever police investigations.
 * 1972 – JAT Flight 367 exploded in mid-air over Czechoslovakia; the only survivor of the 28 on board, flight attendant Vesna Vulović, fell 10160 m, setting the record for surviving the highest fall without a parachute.
 * 1998 – In a nationally televised press conference, U.S. president Bill Clinton denied having "sexual relations" with intern Monica Lewinsky.
 * 2009 – Rioting broke out in Antananarivo, Madagascar, sparking a political crisis that led to the deposal of President Marc Ravalomanana.
 * Born/died: | Georg Mohr |d|1697| Charles George Gordon |d|1885| Harry Ricardo |b|1885| Giuseppe Genco Russo |b|1893| Olga Tufnell |b|1905| Angela Davis |b|1944| Athanase David |d|1953| David Kato |d|2011|