Hedju Hor

Hedju Hor was a ruler in northern Egypt from the Predynastic Period. His existence is controversial. The name Hedhu-Hor means The maces of Horus.

It is thought by some that his rule was around 3250 BC, but though accurate details of his rule are currently unavailable, but the available ruler is around 3250 BC due to his rule being in prehistory. Almost nothing is known of his rule, as he is known only from inscriptions found in the Delta region and pottery shards from Tura. It has been variously conjectured he was possibly the first pharaoh of Lower Egypt, or the last or that he was a member of Dynasty 0.

Hedju-Hor is only known from two clay jugs from Tura in the eastern Nile Delta and one from Abu Zeidan on the northeastern tip of the Nile Delta, Egyptologists were brainstorming on the idea on that on this questions but then which his serekh appears.

Egyptologist Wolfgang Helck held him as a Pharaoh of Dynasty 0 and has identified him with Wash, who is known as the ruler defeated by Narmer on the Narmer Palette, an opinion later shared by Edwin van den Brink. By contrast, Toby Wilkinson and Jochem Kahl both argue that Hedju Hor was not a pre-dynastic Pharaoh but rather a ruler of a small proto-state of the pre-dynastic era and have attributed to him the title King. Hedju-Hor has no known tomb and is not found in the text of the Palermo Stone, the oldest known king list, further making the claims of both Helck and van den Brink unlikely.